Video: Centaurs in Greek Mythology | Definition, Types & Powers

What is a Centaur?

Nephele was born from a cloud that Zeus formed to resemble his wife, Hera. Zeus did this to fool Ixion, the king of the Lapiths, who fell in love with Hera. Thinking Nephele was Hera, Ixion's love produced a deformed child with Nephele named Centaurus, who was cast out. Centaurus settled in the Thessaly forest and mated with wild mares, resulting in the half-human, half-horse centaurs.

Historical Theories & Characterization

Historians have a different version of the centaurs' origin. During this period, most Greek city-states considered Thessaly a barbaric place. The theory began when the bareback horse-riding groups who inhabited Thessaly were mistaken to be mythical creatures, as they seemed united with the horses and their movements.

The Greeks regarded these Thessaly citizens as uncivilized, wild, and excitable. Worst of all, they were observed to be more unruly when they were drunk. So this theory about them was not really hard for the people of Greece to believe.

Notable Centaurs

Chiron, the wise centaur, is popular for his wisdom and knowledge. He has taught Greek heroes such as Hercules, Jason, and Achilles. Nessos, another centaur, tried to kidnap Hercules' wife which led to a fight and the death of the centaur. Lastly, a centaur named Pholus, who hosted Hercules during one of his twelve labors, unfortunately, died in wine-induced chaos.

Battle of Centauromachy

Centauromachy is the battle between the centaurs and the Lapiths. Invited to the king of the Lapiths' wedding, the centaurs gladly attended the event. The problem started when the centaurs, under the influence of wine, assaulted the guests. The centaurs were defeated and banished with the help of Theseus.

This event has been a famous subject in Greek art. It represents the struggle between civilization and barbarism. It is also seen as a possible depiction of the Persians known for their barbaric nature.

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