Biology 201: Introduction to the Endocrine System

  1. Label the parts of the endocrine system.
    • Thyroid cartilage of the larynx
    • Adrenal glands
    • Parathyroid glands
    • Thyroid
    • Testes (male)
    • Pineal gland
    • Ovaries (female)
    • Thalamus
    • Pituitary gland
    • Uterus
    • Trachea
    • Thymus
    • Pancreas

Source Lesson: Endocrine System: Organs, Mechanisms & Regulatory Effects

  1. Label the structures in the image below.
Posterior pituitary Neuroendocrine cell nuclei
Third ventricle Inferior hypophyseal artery
Short portal vessel Stalk
Tropic hormone secreting cells Hypothalamus
Long portal vessels Anterior pituitary
Superior hypophyseal artery Hormone secretion

Source Lesson: Pituitary Gland & Hypothalamus: Structure, Function & Hormones

  1. Label the structures in the image below. Intraglandular cleft, Process of pars intermedia, Optic chiasma, 3rd ventricle, Pars intermedia, Anterior lobe, Posterior lobe, Extension of pars intermedia into brain substance.

Source Lesson: Pituitary Gland & Hypothalamus: Structure, Function & Hormones

  1. Label the structures in the image below.

  • Infundibulum

  • Cerebral peduncle

  • Basilar artery

  • Optic recess

  • Optic chiasm

  • Corpus mamillare

  • Anterior lobe of pituitary gland

  • Post. cerebral artery

  • Lamina terminalis

  • Anterior commissure

  • Ant. cerebral artery

  • Circular sinus

  • Posterior lobe

  • Pons

  • Sella turcica

Source Lesson: Pituitary Gland & Hypothalamus: Structure, Function & Hormones

  • Thyrohyoid membrane

  • Hyoid bone

  • Thyroid cartilage

  • Rib lobe

  • Cricoid cartilage

  • Left lobe of thyroid gland

  • Trachea

  • Pyramidal lobe

  • M. crico-thyroidideus

  • Isthmus

Source Lesson: Thyroid Gland: Structure, Function & Hormones

Source Lesson: Parathyroid Gland: Location, Function & Hormonal Controls

  1. Label the kidney and adrenal gland in the diagram below.
    Source Lesson: Adrenal Glands: Location, Function & Hormones

  2. Label the blue boxes with the three subregions of the adrenal cortex using the terms from Word Bank A. Then, label the remaining structures with the terms from Word Bank B.

Word Bank A: Zona glomerulosa, Zona reticularis, Zona fasciculata
Word Bank B: Medulla, Capsule, Ganglion, Multinucleated mass of protoplasm

Source Lesson: Pineal Gland: Location, Function & Melatonin

  1. Label the structures in the image below.
    • Splenic artery
    • Acinar cells secrete digestive enzymes
    • Pancreatic islets
    • Duodenum of small intestine
    • Beta cells
    • Spleen
    • Bile duct (from gallbladder)
    • Exocrine acinus
  • Common bile duct
  • Pancreas
  • Pancreatic duct
  • Pancreatic islet
  • Alpha cells

Source Lesson: Pancreas: Location, Structure & Hormones

  1. Label the image below.
    • Blood vessel
    • Duct
    • F-Cells
    • Delta-Cells
    • Insulin
    • Alpha-Cells
    • Beta-Cells
    • Acinar-Cells
    • Glucagon

Source Lesson: Pancreas: Location, Structure & Hormones

  • Erythropoietin (EPO)
  • Peptide YY
  • Osteocalcin
  • Calcitriol
  • Ghrelin
  • Leptin
  • Angiotensinogen
  • Cholecystokinin
  • Insulin-like growth factor I
  • Calcidiol
  • Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP)
  • Renin
Organ Hormone Effect
Skin 1) Cholecalciferol Precursor of Vitamin D
Liver 2) Calcidiol Precursor of Vitamin D
3) Angiotensinogen Precursor of angiotensin II; increases blood pressure
4) Thrombopoietin Stimulates platelet production
5) Erythropoietin(EPO) Stimulates red blood cell production
6) insulin-like growth factor I(IGF I) Simulates growth
7) Hepcidin Inhibits intestinal absorption of iron
Kidneys 8) Calcitriol Increases calcium absorption
9) Erythropoietin(EPO) Stimulates red blood cell production
10) Renin Stimulates aldosterone release and increases blood pressure
Heart 11) Atrial Natriuretic Peptide(ANP) Decreases blood pressure
Stomach and Intestines 12) Peptide YY Signals satiety (termination of eating)
13) Ghrelin Stimulates appetite and growth hormone release
14) Gastrin Stimulates hydrochloric acid release in the stomach
15) Cholecystokinin(CCK) Stimulates pancreatic enzyme release, stimulates bile release from the gallbladder; suppresses appetite
Adipose Tissue 16) Leptin Limits appetite
Osseous Tissue 17) Osteocalcin Stimulates pancreatic beta cells to produce insulin

Source Lesson: Organs with Secondary Endocrine Functions & Hormone Production